1978: NOAA announces gender-neutral hurricane naming system
Federal News Network presents a daily update of important moments in the history of the U.S. government.
The first Congress of the United States approved 12 amendments to the U.S. Constitution, and sent them to the states for ratification on this day in 1789. The amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, were designed to protect the basic rights of US citizens, guaranteeing the freedom of speech, press, assembly, and exercise of religion; the right to fair legal procedure and to bear arms; and that powers not delegated to the federal government were reserved for the states and the people. The document was influenced by the English Bill of Rights of 1689, and from Virginia’s Declaration of Rights, drafted by George Mason in 1776. Mason criticized the final document for lacking constitutional protection of basic political rights. In the ratification process that followed, he and other critics agreed to approve the Constitution in exchange for the assurance that amendments would immediately be adopted. In December 1791, Virginia became the 10th of 14 states to approve 10 of the 12 amendments, thus giving the Bill of Rights the two-thirds majority of state ratification necessary to make it legal. Of the two amendments not ratified, the first concerned the population system of representation, while the second prohibited laws varying the payment of congressional members from taking effect until an election intervened. The first of these two amendments was never ratified, while the second was finally ratified more than 200 years later, in 1992.
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